# swap-hotkey (/docs/tx/swap-hotkey)

Re-keys the neuron identity: the old hotkey's registrations, stake, and
history move to `new_hotkey_ss58`, either everywhere (`netuid` omitted)
or on a single subnet. The all-subnets swap recycles 0.1 TAO from the
coldkey; the per-subnet swap recycles 0.001 TAO. Both respect a
7,200-block (one day) per-(subnet, coldkey) cooldown — the all-subnets
swap checks and records it on every subnet the old hotkey participates
in. The old hotkey stops earning immediately, so update running
miners/validators to sign with the new key at the same time. The new
hotkey must not already be registered where the swap applies, so plan
the change rather than iterating. This wraps the legacy `swap_hotkey`
extrinsic, deprecated on chain in favor of `swap_hotkey_v2`;
behavior is identical to `swap_hotkey_v2` with `keep_stake=false`
(stake moves to the new hotkey). This rotates a leaked hotkey without
touching the coldkey; a compromised coldkey needs a coldkey swap
instead.

| Signer    | Pallet          | Wraps                         |
| --------- | --------------- | ----------------------------- |
| `coldkey` | SubtensorModule | `SubtensorModule.swap_hotkey` |

## Parameters [#parameters]

| Parameter         | Type    | Required | Description                                                                  |
| ----------------- | ------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `new_hotkey_ss58` | string  | yes      | Replacement hotkey that takes over the old hotkey's registrations and stake. |
| `hotkey_ss58`     | string  | no       | Hotkey being replaced; defaults to the wallet's hotkey.                      |
| `netuid`          | integer | no       | Limit the swap to this subnet; omit to swap across all subnets.              |

Address parameters (`--hotkey`, `--coldkey`, `--dest`, ...) accept a raw ss58
address, an address-book or proxy-book name, or a local wallet/hotkey name.

## CLI [#cli]

Preview with `--dry-run` (shows fee, effects, and policy result without
submitting), then submit:

```bash
btcli tx swap-hotkey \
  --new-hotkey <ss58|name> --dry-run
btcli tx swap-hotkey \
  --new-hotkey <ss58|name> -w my_coldkey
```

## Python [#python]

```python
import bittensor as sub
from bittensor.wallet import Wallet

wallet = Wallet(name="my_coldkey", hotkey="my_hotkey")
intent = sub.SwapHotkey(new_hotkey_ss58="5F...")

async with sub.Client("finney") as client:
    plan = await client.plan(intent, wallet)   # fee, effects, policy — no submission
    result = await client.execute(intent, wallet)
    if not result.success:
        print(result.error.code, result.error.remediation)
```

Or build it by op name, as an agent would:

```python
await client.execute_tool("swap_hotkey", {...}, wallet)
```